In the process of home renovation, there are several "forbidden zones" that should not be touched or modified. These areas are crucial to the structural integrity and safety of the building. Tampering with them can lead to serious consequences, not only for you but also for your neighbors. In addition to these forbidden zones, there are also "sensitive areas" that require careful consideration. It's always better to avoid making changes in these areas unless absolutely necessary. If you do need to modify them, it's strongly recommended to consult a professional.
1. **Load-bearing walls** – These are essential for supporting the structure of the house. Many people know they shouldn't be demolished, but not everyone knows how to identify them. In brick-concrete buildings, any wall made of prefabricated slabs is typically load-bearing and cannot be removed. Walls over 24 cm thick are also usually load-bearing. If a wall sounds hollow when tapped, it’s likely non-load-bearing and safe to remove. However, drilling holes or opening doors on a load-bearing wall can weaken its strength and is strictly prohibited.
2. **Steel reinforcement in walls** – The steel bars embedded in walls act like the skeleton of a building. Damaging them during pipe installation can compromise the structural integrity of the walls and floors, especially during an earthquake.
3. **Beams and columns** – These are critical for supporting upper floors. Moving or removing them can lead to collapse, so they must never be altered.
4. **Low walls next to balconies** – These walls, often located below windows between rooms and balconies, are known as “weight walls.†Removing them can cause the balcony to become unstable and potentially collapse.
5. **Doors with reinforced frames (three or five defenses)** – These doors have frames embedded in concrete. Demolishing them can damage the structure and make it difficult to install new doors later.
6. **Waterproof layer in bathrooms and kitchens** – This layer prevents water from seeping through. If damaged, it can lead to leaks and water damage downstairs. When replacing flooring, take care not to cut into this layer. If it's damaged, a 24-hour water test is required before reinstallation.
7. **Old-style squat toilets** – Replacing them with modern toilets may require changing the drainage system, which can be complex and risky. Improper installation may result in leaks or improper flushing.
8. **Heating and gas pipelines** – Only authorized professionals should handle gas and heating systems. Decorators should never attempt to cover meters or alter these systems. Any changes must be done carefully to ensure proper heating and safety.
9. **Original steel windows** – Some homeowners replace steel windows with aluminum ones. However, lower-quality aluminum windows may not be as durable, especially on high-rise buildings, leading to potential issues like warping or detachment.
**Materials to Avoid During Renovation**
- **Avoid harmful materials** – Some decorative materials contain chemicals that can be harmful to health. It’s best to choose natural materials whenever possible. After renovation, keep windows open for at least a week to ventilate the space.
- **Avoid excessive thickness** – According to regulations, natural stone thicker than 1 cm is not allowed in residential decoration due to weight and structural concerns.
Always communicate clearly with your renovation company about these restrictions. Being aware of what can and cannot be changed will help prevent accidents and ensure a safe, beautiful living environment.
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