Explaining the key points of China's new energy development and utilization

The strategic goal of future development and utilization of new energy in China is: by 2020, new energy sources such as nuclear energy, wind energy, and solar energy will become the main force in the incremental portion of total energy demand, plus a total of approximately 600 million tons of standard coal will be provided by hydropower. Total primary energy consumption is 15%; by 2030, emerging energy will become one of the mainstream energy sources, plus water energy will provide more than 20% of primary energy consumption. To achieve this goal smoothly, the focus of new energy development and utilization during the "12th Five-Year Plan" period includes the following aspects.

Strengthen the nuclear power safety system and accelerate the development of nuclear power. Nuclear power technology is very mature. Compared with other new energy sources, nuclear power is an energy source with high energy density and is the most stable power source for power supply. To realize the 15% non-fossil energy development target by 2020, only nuclear power and hydropower will be considered from the current stage of technological development. As the nuclear power and hydropower construction period is long, generally more than five years, it is necessary to speed up the pace of nuclear power construction. The nuclear power accident of Tokyo Electric Power Co., Ltd. of Japan had a considerable negative impact on the development of nuclear power in the world. In the process of developing nuclear power, China must strengthen nuclear safety supervision and management in terms of concepts, systems, and measures, and establish a nuclear safety supervision and management system that is in line with international standards.

Regulate the market order and vigorously promote the use of solar thermal energy. Regardless of scale, market maturity, core technology, brand strength, etc., China's solar thermal industry is regarded as the world's largest, and is one of the few ethnic industries in China with independent intellectual property rights, but the industrial concentration is low, and many companies do not have corresponding The quality assurance and after-sales service system has seriously affected the stable and healthy development of the industry. To this end, it is necessary to support the superior and gradually increase the concentration of the solar water heater industry. Regulate the market of solar water heater products, encourage and promote the restructuring, integration and large-scale operation of solar thermal energy utilization companies, and improve the quality of solar thermal products and the technological level of enterprises. The development of integrated technologies for the integration of solar energy and buildings, including the design of a trinity system for engineering planning, product design and heating, heating and cooling, will make solar energy a safe, stable, and reliable energy source for buildings.

Stabilize onshore wind power operations and actively develop offshore wind power. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the strategic tasks for the development of wind power are: to break through the key technologies of wind power and strengthen the construction of industrial systems. Efforts were made to achieve breakthroughs in the following key technical areas: overall optimization of high-power wind turbines, intelligent machining and quality control of key components of wind turbines, mutual assessment of wind power and grid, wind power HVDC transmission technology, and large-scale wind farm storage Energy, high-power offshore wind turbine research and development, offshore wind turbine foundation design and construction, offshore wind turbine transportation and installation and other key technologies in the wind power industry. Intensify the formulation of wind power industry standards, regulate the development of manufacturing, and improve the quality of wind turbines in China.

Start the domestic photovoltaic market and eliminate the weakness of the solar photovoltaic industry. China is a major producer of photovoltaic solar energy, and its output ranks first in the world for three consecutive years. The photovoltaic industry has become one of the emerging strategic industries with international competitiveness in China. However, compared with the photovoltaic industry and the international photovoltaic power generation market, China's photovoltaic market is developing slowly. It is necessary to actively promote the domestic photovoltaic market, from a large PV production country to a large PV consumer. At present, we must focus on strengthening the purification of solar grade silicon materials, strengthening the development of key equipment such as high-efficiency solar cells, photovoltaic systems, and polycrystalline silicon casting furnaces, wire cutting machines, plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition equipment (PECVD), and improving the self-sufficiency rate of raw materials for crystalline silicon. To start the domestic market, it is necessary not only to strengthen the construction of smart grids, lay the foundation for the operation of photovoltaic grids, but also draw lessons from the practices of developed countries such as Japan, Germany and the United States, formulate grid-connected electricity prices for photovoltaic power generation, and promote the construction of domestic solar power plants.

The CBM exploration theory and technology R&D investment will be increased to improve the development and utilization of CBM. Compared with oil and gas resources, China’s investment in the exploration and utilization of coalbed methane exploration input is obviously insufficient, while the investment of enterprises is less, and foreign investment is a wait-and-see attitude, resulting in many key technologies for coalbed methane utilization can not be broken through, which restricts The development of CBM industrialization. The utilization of CBM in China has only reached 1/3. At present, the technology for gas extraction and utilization of coal mines has matured, and some coal mine gas drainage and utilization model mines have gained some experience. At present, we must deepen reforms and eliminate the institutional obstacles that limit the use of CBM drainage and utilization. The first is to solve the problem of overlapping mining rights, strengthen communication and coordination, and implement the unification of coal and gas development entities. The second is the innovative organizational form that encourages the establishment of professional gas drainage companies. The third is to improve the extraction and utilization of assessment incentives. The fourth is to implement the policy of financial subsidies for gas drainage. According to the on-grid renewable electricity price standard, gas grid electricity prices will be established.

Based on local conditions, it will develop biomass and geothermal energy industries. The diversification of biomass energy determines the multiple technological routes and multiple models of biomass utilization in China. First, we must vigorously develop biogas. According to China's national conditions, the development of biogas is an important way to solve rural energy problems. Eco-agriculture, which is linked by biogas, can not only obtain high-efficiency and clean energy, but also effectively control environmental pollution and restore natural ecology. Actively explore the biogas industrialization development model. At this stage, the government should continue to give support to the biogas project in terms of policies and funding. After the market is mature, the government will promote the biogas industry to a complete market through publicity and training. The second is to actively develop biological liquid fuels. Judging from the long-term technological development direction and technological choices, the focus of the development of fuel ethanol technology is ethanol from cellulose; the focus of biodiesel development is biomass gasification production, and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis technology produces diesel or other biomass to produce biodiesel. technology. The use of geothermal energy focuses on the development of geothermal heat pump air conditioning systems for large public buildings and residents.

Promote the development of pure electric vehicles, accelerate the development of smart grids and demonstration projects. In the long run, electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles are the direction of development. China's electric vehicle industry has entered the international advanced level: pure electric vehicles have started mass production, and they have achieved commercial operation requirements in terms of economy, entered the road operation and started exporting. The development of electric vehicles and the development of electric vehicle energy supply technologies are mutually reinforcing and mutually reinforcing. In the future, the power supply for electric passenger cars will be mainly based on decentralized low-power home charging, battery lease and fast charging network. The combination of electric vehicles and grid energy storage technology is one of the important directions for the development of electric vehicle technology.