Activated alumina is a white, spherical, porous particle with uniform size, smooth surface, high mechanical strength, strong hygroscopicity, and does not swell or crack after absorbing moisture. It is non-toxic, odorless, insoluble in water and ethanol, and exhibits strong fluoride adsorption properties. It is widely used for defluoridation in drinking water in high-fluoride areas. Several key factors influence the adsorption performance of activated alumina products.
First, particle size plays an important role. Smaller particles generally offer higher adsorption capacity due to increased surface area, but they also tend to be less durable, which can affect the product's overall lifespan. Second, the pH of the raw water is critical. When the pH is above 5, lower pH values typically result in better fluoride removal efficiency. Third, the initial fluoride concentration in the water affects adsorption; higher concentrations usually lead to greater adsorption capacity.
Additionally, the alkalinity of the water, particularly the bicarbonate content, can reduce the adsorption capacity of activated alumina. The presence of other ions such as chloride and sulfate may also interfere with the adsorption process. Furthermore, arsenic in the water can impact the performance of activated alumina. While it can adsorb arsenic, the accumulation of arsenic on the surface reduces the availability of active sites for fluoride, making it difficult to regenerate the material effectively.
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By understanding these influencing factors, users can optimize the use of activated alumina for efficient and long-lasting water treatment solutions. Whether in industrial applications or residential water purification systems, activated alumina remains a reliable choice when properly managed.
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