After a heavy rainstorm, cotton crops are prone to red leaf stem blight, a physiological disease that typically begins at the growing tip of the main stem or the top of fruit branches. The condition usually progresses from the top down and from the outer parts inward. The main stem may wither and die, but the vascular tissue remains colorless. The root system becomes stunted, with short and sparse roots. It is crucial to implement timely pesticide control to manage this issue.
The causes of red leaf stem blight in cotton include extensive cultivation without proper root development, poor drainage in fields, excessive nitrogen application leading to lush growth and dense canopies, and insufficient organic matter resulting in low soil fertility. When environmental conditions change suddenly, especially in poorly managed fields, cotton plants with weakened physiological functions are more susceptible to this disease.
To effectively manage red leaf stem blight, several key strategies should be adopted. First, enhance the plant’s ability to withstand stress. For vigorously growing cotton, apply plant growth regulators such as keta or auxin. Use 2–3 grams of keta or 8–12 ml of auxin per 50 kg of water, applied per acre. Second, improve soil conditions by cultivating and breaking up the crust to promote better root development. Third, for low-lying fields, ensure proper drainage by maintaining ditches to encourage healthy root growth. Fourth, if double-layer mulching is used, remove the film promptly to allow deeper root penetration.
Second, increase potassium fertilizer application to improve nutrient efficiency. According to the China Pesticide Network, potassium deficiency is a major contributing factor to red leaf stem blight. For fields with potential potassium deficiency or low potassium application, apply 10–15 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu. This not only meets the plant's potassium needs but also helps balance the fertilizer ratio, improving the uptake of nitrogen and phosphate.
Third, use root feeding to enhance oxygen supply and nutrient availability. If the leaves have not yet withered and the growing point is still active, root application can quickly restore the plant’s fertilization function. Apply 100 ml of humic acid active liquid fertilizer per mu mixed with 50 kg of water. This provides essential nutrients while improving soil aeration. Additionally, spray 100 g of a comprehensive fertilizer per acre mixed with 50 kg of water to supply macro- and micronutrients. Finally, apply a plant growth regulator called “802,†which promotes cell division and enhances the plant’s self-regulation capacity.
By implementing these practices, farmers can significantly reduce the impact of red leaf stem blight and maintain healthier, more productive cotton crops.
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