Vehicle Traffic Accident Rescue Handling Precautions

First, the characteristics of road vehicles

1 , flammable liquid and more

Capacity for each vehicle fuel tank 40-- 200 liters, the tank filled with a different type of gasoline, diesel or LPG combustion cylinders. Fuel tanks are made of sheet metal and are prone to cracking and exploding after being grilled by the fire, causing the fuel oil to flow everywhere and causing the fire to spread.

2 , a small number of doors

(1) large-scale public steam (electric) car ordinary buses, cars, its number of doors generally to 2 - 3.

(2), the number of small passenger door is generally 1 - 2.

( 3 ) Most steam (electric) car doors are controlled by the driver and the conductor.

3 , carrying a large number of passengers

Passenger cars carry a large amount of passengers. Large public steam (electric) cars, can carry more than 80 passengers; when the car doubled the number of overcrowding, it is very crowded, car passengers 5--6 people.

Second, the characteristics of the accident

(A) the accident level

Ι, general traffic accidents, rescue and rescue;

II. Accident fire rescue and rescue;

III. Special traffic accident rescue and rescue.

The general traffic accident rescue and rescue refers to the action of firefighters using various rescue equipment to rescue trapped persons trapped inside the vehicle in the event of collision, rear-end collision or overturning.

Traffic Accidents Fires Breaking down and saving people means that a vehicle causes a fire in the event of a collision or overturning. Firefighters must save people, fire at the same time or fire first to save lives.

The special traffic accident rescue and rescue mainly refers to the secondary disaster accidents caused by traffic accidents during the transportation of chemical dangerous goods vehicles. Such accidents are more complicated and difficult to handle and dangerous.

(b) Characteristics of the accident

1 , The fire spread rapidly;

2 , evacuation and escape difficulties;

3 , prone to explosion, burning;

4 , there is no law where the accident occurred.

Third, the alarm dispatched

1 , the correct choice of route:

( 1 ) Select the best route to go to the scene of the accident to ensure liaison with the command center of the Corps;

( 2 ) timely reporting of various conditions on the way (such as driving directions or related measures that require command center coordination);

2 , report conditions procedures:

After the fire brigade arrived at the scene, they must understand the situation as soon as possible and report to the Corps. The report reads as follows:

( 1 ) Whether the car is a traffic accident or a fire, and whether there has been an explosion;

( 2 ) the type of car, license plate number;

( 3 ) Damaged (burned) parts, areas, properties of the burning material;

( 4 ) Whether it is a dangerous goods vehicle, the type, storage capacity, and whether there is any leakage of dangerous goods;

( 5 ) Whether there are trapped persons (number of personnel, conditions of injuries);

IV. Investigation and warning

(1) Parking of vehicles

Rescue forces arrived at the scene, should choose large vehicles and road perpendicular (45-degree angle away from the vehicle was to be 20 meters) docked, relying on the body to build a security barrier. The lights remained on and two cordon lines were set up. According to regulations, the outer ring should be set behind the emergency vehicle 100 to 150 meters (as required by the actual situation, especially the bad weather in fog and rain, should pay attention to) set up a triangular warning sign; the inner ring around the scene of the accident to establish a warning barrel, And arrange traffic police to divert traffic to ensure the safety of rescue workers during the disposal process. If necessary, the roads can be closed to avoid secondary safety accidents.

(II) Preliminary survey

The commander arrived at the scene to see if the person was trapped or was injured. And actively and dialogue with the trapped person to comfort the trapped person, which is psychological relief, while the trapped person's narrative, to grasp whether there are other situations (thrown out of the car, etc.). According to the location of the person trapped, the extent of the injury, and the locations where the person can be dismantled, first-aid measures such as wearing a neck brace for the trapped person, hemostasis using a tourniquet, and oxygen supply if necessary are taken. And depending on the situation, trapped persons may be covered with clothing or blankets to keep warm, but also to prevent the rescue process, due to demolition resulting in iron or broken glass, splashing or using a simple baffle to block protection. The following safety measures should be done before the demolition:

( 1 ) If the vehicle is not extinguished, it will be extinguished first;

( 2 ) Check if the parking brake of the vehicle is stopped;

( 3 ) Fix the tires so as not to cause the vehicle to slide due to the road slope;

( 4 ) Check for oil leaks? If there is oil leakage on the ground, fire extinguishers and water guns should be used to monitor the site to avoid fire hazards. When necessary, the oil in the tank should be pumped out to reduce hidden dangers.

( 5 ) Whether it is necessary to use tractors to separate the two accident vehicles.

According to the injuries of the trapped persons, the rescue plan is generally divided into the following two categories:

( 1 ) The injury is lighter. If there is no major injury above the waist, only the foot or leg can be injured. You can immediately rescue it by performing a demolition. For the trapped person who has a fracture, deal with the fracture before the ambulance arrives. Fix it to reduce the pain of the wounded and avoid aggravating the injury.

( 2 ) Heavily injured, unconscious, excessive bleeding, and severe physical injury, such as spinal injuries, internal hemorrhage, etc. should be rescued with the assistance of a doctor.

( C ) warning signs set

< 1 > The shortest distance between the warning signs set at the farthest road and the accident vehicles is 100 to 150 meters .

The distance between the < 2 > warning sign and the warning barrel should be kept at 50 meters .

In the actual road traffic accident rescue process, most of them are traffic policemen to implement traffic control on the roads. However, we should still designate a safety officer to guard the incoming trains and be prepared to evacuate the danger zone at any time. The commander must not neglect or consider the link.

1. In the case of rainy weather, rainy days, snow days and other weather conditions, we can appropriately expand the scope of the warning to prevent the road slipper from catching the car and easily causing rear-end rear-end collisions.

2. For late night or early morning police rescue, it is also necessary to widen the alert range and give other vehicle drivers a reflection process, especially at night. Although police cars and rescue vehicles have warning lights flashing on the roof, as a warning.

3. Rescue vehicles can park at appropriate locations on the rescue scene according to the type of road. On the one hand, it acts as a safety barrier, and on the other hand, it is used to block the site and facilitate the combatants to take equipment from the car.

V. On-site disposal

(I) Fixed accident vehicles

(b) Rescue trapped persons

1. Door removal

A , one clip and one spread method

Using a dilator, perform a vertical flattening on the 45-inch position at the upper left end of the door lock core . After the door lock position and the B- pillar have formed enough space, extend the expander into the lock center to open the door.

b , three cuts

Place the shears above the left front tire and cut vertically the car shell above the front left wheel (at this time, the upper and lower axis of the front door of the driver's seat is exposed). Then cut the upper and lower axis of the door.

c , B column shear method

Use a pliers or pry bar to open the structure of the left rear door lock, extend the left rear door with a dilator, and use a hydraulic shear to cut the upper and lower ends of the B- pillar of the car , and then put the driver's seat front door up and down. Axis shear.

2 , the steering wheel to suppress trapped rescue

A , disassembly method

Use a flat-blade screwdriver to open the decorative cover on the steering wheel, fasten the nut with a caliber wrench, and remove the steering wheel to rescue trapped persons.

B , cutting method

Use a hydraulic shear to directly cut the steering wheel or cut off the steering column's bottom column. After removing the steering wheel, rescue the trapped person.

C , shift method

Adjust the adjustment valve at the front and rear of the driver's seat so that the rear seat will be moved back and the rescuer will be rescued.

3 , dashboard to suppress trapped rescue

A , " V " shaped relief method

Cut the A- pillar at the front end of the sedan with hydraulic shears , and at the same time, place the low-pressure lifting air cushion on the bottom of the driver's seat and use a hydraulic strut to stretch the B- pillar and A- pillar of the sedan , so that the trapped person's body can be squeezed out of the extrusion. status.

B. Traction rescue method

Open the dilator opening to the maximum, and fix the traction chain on the steering column and the front axle of the chassis respectively. Use the dilator to pull and rescue the trapped persons.

C , solution method

Cut the upper part of the A , B and C beam pillars on the sedan , cut the roof and lift it off the car body. The combatant enters the car and moves the driver's seat back. It cannot be moved and it is cut with a hydraulic shear to rescue the trapped person. By.

4 , brakes, throttle, clutch lever stuck trapped feet

A , shear expansion method

b , shoe-lace method

(III ) Car body accidents save people

1. Check if the car body is conductive and try to remove the power.

2 , wear electrical insulation clothing, insulation gloves to quickly rescue people.

3 , designated personnel wear protective equipment throughout the monitoring.

(IV) Disposal of Chemical Hazardous Vehicles Accidents

1. After receiving the alarm, the following procedures should generally be followed: rescue vehicles enter the vicinity of the accident site from the upper wind or the upper side, and the procedures are protection, inquiry, investigation, alert, rescue, rescue, plugging, transmission, medical rescue, Decontamination, cleaning.

2. Rescue is the most important task in the accidents involving chemical dangerous goods vehicles. After the task of saving people is completed, tasks such as plugging and transmission may be carried out according to the situation on the spot and interspersed throughout the rescue work.

Six, matters needing attention

1. When rescue personnel rescue people, they must use water guns to shield them from cooling and prevent explosion and burning.

2. Vehicles entering high-speed (frame) roads to extinguish and rescue vehicles must be assigned an alert operation area.

3. The tire is prone to explosion when the car burns violently. If the combatant approaches the tire, it may be injured.

4. When the vehicle must be reversed, the traffic police should be allowed to close the road at the previous intersection, and the rear combatants should be stopped. The safe side should be selected and the safety of passing vehicles and pedestrians should be taken into consideration.

5. In the event of heavy fog, rainy days or the disposal of traffic accidents caused by mud, the warning scope should be appropriately expanded.

This article is reproduced from WeChat public number: retrograde.