Hot-dip galvanizing is a widely used method to protect angle steel from corrosion. The process begins with pickling the steel to remove impurities, followed by washing and applying a flux solution to aid in the plating. After drying and preheating, the angle steel is dipped into molten zinc at around 500°C. Once removed, it cools, undergoes passivation, cleaning, and grinding, completing the hot-dip galvanizing process. The resulting zinc coating has a uniform thickness of 30–50 micrometers, ensuring high reliability and durability. Since the zinc layer forms a metallurgical bond with the steel, it becomes an integral part of the surface, offering long-term protection against corrosion.
Hot-dip galvanized angle steel is also known as hot-galvanized or hot-dip zinc-coated angle steel. This type of steel is ideal for use in harsh environments, such as areas exposed to acidic or alkaline fumes. Its thick and consistent zinc coating provides excellent resistance to rust and corrosion, making it suitable for outdoor and industrial applications.
The process includes several key steps: pickling, washing, flux application, drying, preheating, dipping, cooling, passivation, cleaning, and grinding. The final product features a strong, durable zinc layer that enhances the structural integrity and lifespan of the angle steel. As the raw material is standard angle steel, it falls under the same classification as regular angle steel but with enhanced protective properties.
On the other hand, cold galvanizing is another method used to prevent metal corrosion. Unlike hot-dip galvanizing, which involves immersing the metal in molten zinc, cold galvanizing applies a zinc-rich coating through spraying or brushing. This coating typically contains up to 95% zinc and dries to form a protective layer. It's particularly useful for repairs, where damaged areas can be recoated without replacing the entire structure. Cold galvanizing is commonly used for various steel products and structures that require corrosion protection.
Cold galvanized coatings work based on electrochemical principles. To ensure effective protection, the zinc must have good contact with the steel surface, creating a potential difference that helps prevent corrosion. Proper surface preparation is crucial. Before applying cold galvanizing, mechanical cleaning methods like blasting or shot blasting are used to achieve a surface cleanliness level of ISO 8501-1 Sa 2.5 (equivalent to GB 8923 Sa 2.5). This means the surface should be free of oil, rust, scale, and other contaminants, with at least 95% of the area showing visible metal after blasting.
Another important factor in surface quality is roughness. Different cold galvanizing materials require varying levels of surface roughness. For example, Zinga specifications recommend an average roughness Ra of 12.5, corresponding to Rz of 55–75 microns. In contrast, "Strong Zinc" and "Robaru" guidelines suggest slightly lower values, ranging from 40–60 microns. When cold galvanizing is used as a standalone coating, a smoother surface is preferred to maintain proper film thickness. However, if it serves as a primer for heavy-duty coatings, the surface roughness should exceed 60 microns to ensure strong adhesion between layers.
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