In the face of the increasingly serious financial crisis, how can Chinese industry control energy consumption and environmental pollution from the source to enhance its competitiveness?
Accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity and strictly control the rapid growth of the “two high†industries
At present, China's industrial energy consumption accounts for more than 70% of the country's total energy consumption, while the US's industrial energy consumption accounts for less than 20% of the country's total energy consumption, and Japan's less than 30%. The main pollutants in industrial production are chemical oxygen absorption and sulfur dioxide emissions. The chemical oxygen absorption of China's industry accounts for about 40% of the total, and sulfur dioxide emissions account for about 85% of the total.
According to Zhou Changyi, deputy director of the Department of Energy Conservation and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, there are five major problems in China's industrial energy conservation and comprehensive utilization. First, resource productivity is low, about 10 times different from developed countries. Second, good enterprises and poor enterprises are highly polarized, industrial energy utilization and equipment levels are uneven, good is good, but the quantity is too small, the difference is too bad, but the quantity is very large, some SMEs have very much energy consumption and pollution emissions. serious. Third, China's industry accounts for a large proportion of GDP, while the “two high†industry accounts for a large proportion of industry, which makes it difficult to achieve the “Eleventh Five-Year†energy conservation and emission reduction targets. Fourth, high-energy-consuming equipment that is banned from production, use, or ordered by a large number of countries is still being produced and used in some enterprises. Fifth, some industrial solid wastes that are large in quantity and seriously harmful to the environment and public health have not been fully utilized.
Steel, non-ferrous metals, chemicals, building materials and machinery are key industries for energy conservation in China's industrial sector. In addition to the above five industries, key environmental protection industries include paper, textile, printing and dyeing, food processing and other industries with serious pollution. Many experts in these industries told Xinhua News Agency that to strengthen energy conservation and environmental protection, we must speed up the elimination of backward production capacity and strictly control the excessive growth of the “two high†industries.
According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, under the overall goal of eliminating backward production capacity during the 11th Five-Year Plan period proposed by the State Council, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will study and propose including cement, coke, batteries, ferroalloys, flat glass, steel, electrolytic aluminum, etc. The 11 industries have eliminated the annual plans for backward production capacity and put them into practice. At the same time, it will also work with the Ministry of Finance to study the establishment of an exit mechanism for eliminating backward production capacity, propose funding subsidy standards, exit conditions, and personnel resettlement methods, and gradually establish an incentive mechanism to eliminate backward production capacity.
At the same time, China will revise the approved catalogue of enterprise investment projects, and convert projects that have only been filed in the past for high-energy-consuming and high-emission industries such as coke, batteries and ferroalloys. In addition, the export tax rebate policy for “two high†products will be adjusted to strictly control the export of primary products. Even in the case of a decline in current exports, only high-end products will be allowed to export, and the “two high†industries will be controlled to grow too fast.
Find out the current situation of the industry and implement energy consumption limit standards
"On the basis of comprehensively understanding the status quo and potential of the industry, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will study and formulate energy conservation and emission reduction plans for key industries, formulate and issue guidance on energy conservation and emission reduction in different industries, and study and formulate energy conservation technology policies for different industries." According to Zhou Changyi Introduction, China is currently implementing benchmarking activities for energy use, looking for gaps with advanced levels at home and abroad, establishing a benchmark for energy efficient use in the industry, summarizing and promoting the typical experience and advanced technologies of advanced industries.
The industry generally believes that it is necessary to gradually improve and regularly revise the energy efficiency and pollution emission market access standards for key industries. For key industries with high energy consumption and high emissions, energy efficiency and pollution emission indicators should be taken as necessary conditions for industry access. It is understood that the current guidance list for industrial restructuring in China is being revised, including the formulation and revision of high energy-consuming and high-pollution industry access standards for yellow phosphorus, ferroalloys and cement.
Standards are one of the most effective means to promote energy conservation and emission reduction. China has released 22 energy consumption limit standards for industrial products, mainly concentrated in several high energy-consuming industries, and has not yet formed a complete system. Experts suggest that China should formulate energy consumption limit standards for other industries on the basis of gradually improving the energy consumption limit standards of the five key industries, and pay attention to the implementation situation and carry out supervision and inspection of the implementation of energy consumption limit standards for key products.
Develop energy-efficient and environmentally friendly equipment and promote major energy-saving and emission reduction technologies
According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China will complete the elimination of the existing high-energy-consuming equipment in three to five years, and cooperate with the implementation of the newly introduced enterprise income tax law to implement the energy-saving, water-saving and comprehensive utilization of resources that meet the requirements. And the environmental protection enterprise income tax preferential policy, the implementation of tax incentives to encourage advanced energy-saving environmental protection technology equipment and import of key components.
"Research and development and production of energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly equipment is the foundation of energy conservation in the whole society. China will increase the research and development of terminal energy-consuming equipment, and produce and provide world-class energy-efficient utilization and low-emission equipment for the whole society, and strive to enter the world market. Zhou Changyi said that at present, some of China's energy-saving technologies are not enough. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology plans to select some energy-saving technologies with high energy-saving potential, wide application and good investment efficiency, and formulate special plans. Increase investment and promote it throughout the industry.
It is understood that China is stepping up research and implementation of a number of key projects for industrial energy-saving and emission reduction technology transformation that have an important role in promoting technological advancement, management upgrading, energy conservation and emission reduction in the industry, such as information technology transformation projects for key energy-using enterprises. The energy management center project of industrial enterprises, the information transformation project of large-scale energy-using equipment, the comprehensive utilization project of bulk industrial solid waste, and the remanufacturing engineering of electromechanical equipment.
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