**Features of Bearing Reinforcement Appearance (1)**
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*Source: Bearing Network | Time: December 29, 2012*
Although various external reinforcement methods differ in their characteristics, they all aim to enhance the performance and appearance of bearings. Especially in improving wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and anti-fatigue properties, these techniques have proven highly effective.
1. **Wear Resistance and Wear Performance**
Wear resistance is one of the most important functional indicators for bearing materials. Different types of wear occur under varying conditions, and the factors affecting wear resistance can vary accordingly.
(1) **Grain Wear Resistance Function**
Bearings are typically made from quenched and tempered steel. It has been demonstrated that there is a linear relationship between wear resistance and hardness under abrasive wear conditions. Therefore, hardness is often used as a key indicator to evaluate the wear resistance of the material. However, when the impact load is high, it's not just about hardness; strength and toughness also play significant roles. For high-carbon chromium bearing steel, the composition, type, shape, size, quantity, and distribution of carbides all affect wear resistance. Among these, the carbon content in the matrix and the amount of carbide have the greatest influence. In surface strengthening processes, increasing the carbon content or forming dispersed hard compounds on the surface can significantly improve wear resistance. Examples include carburizing and surface decarburization of bearing parts.
(2) **Impact Resistance and Adhesive Wear Prevention**
In cases where smoothness is insufficient or fails, direct metal contact is likely to cause adhesive wear. A useful way to reduce or prevent this is by maintaining thick lubrication films to avoid direct contact. Another approach is modifying the physical and chemical properties of the contact surface to make it less prone to adhesion. Some bearings undergo phosphating or bluing treatments, which form a protective compound layer on the metal surface, preventing direct metal-to-metal contact and reducing adhesion and wear. Surface nitriding, boronizing, TiC coating, or ion implantation can also increase surface hardness, making it more resistant to deformation and thus helping to reduce adhesive wear. Sulfur-nitrogen diffusion, such as sulfur-nitrocarburizing, improves the adhesion properties between mating components and enhances surface hardness, leading to a significant reduction in adhesive wear.
(3) **Fatigue Wear Resistance**
Contact fatigue wear is a common failure mode in bearings. The metallurgical quality and heat treatment of the steel have a major impact on fatigue resistance. By selecting appropriate surface treatment techniques and suitable heat treatment methods, the fatigue life of the bearing can be significantly improved. Testing has shown that within a certain hardness range, increasing the surface hardness of the material can also enhance its wear resistance.
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