Review and prospect of the development of China's building sanitary ceramics industry

Abstract According to the latest data from the China Building Health Industry Association, in the first three quarters of this year, the national main business income of building sanitary ceramics and hardware sanitary wares was 467 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.3%. Among them, the main business income of building ceramics enterprises is 309.8 billion yuan...
According to the latest data from the China Building Health Industry Association, in the first three quarters of this year, the national main building ceramic sanitary ware and hardware sanitary ware business revenue was 467 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.3%. Among them, the main business income of building ceramics enterprises was 309.8 billion yuan, up 14.9% year-on-year; the main business income of sanitary ceramics enterprises was 40.2 billion yuan, up 19.2% year-on-year; the main business income of national hardware sanitary ware enterprises was 117 billion yuan, up 4.3. %. The total profit of building sanitary ceramics enterprises above designated size was 21.86 billion yuan, up 13.9% year-on-year; the export building sanitary ceramics was 8.2 billion US dollars. Although ceramic tiles decreased by 2.7% compared with the same period of last year, the export value of sanitary products increased by 141.8%.

In the face of the expected slowdown in real estate market demand, sales are generally “weak”. In 2014, China's building sanitary ceramics industry still achieved steady growth. Looking back on the achievements of the industry in recent years and looking forward to the future of the industry development, Yu Bin, secretary-general of the China Building Sanitary Ceramics Association, stressed that strengthening the construction of marketing channels, enhancing the international influence of brands, adhering to scientific and technological innovation, accelerating the pace of structural adjustment, and alleviating environmental protection and emission reduction Pressure, crack the overcapacity of the overcapacity, change the growth model, scientifically plan the industrial layout, and achieve stable development of the whole industry, from a ceramic power to a ceramic power.

Production: unbalanced production and sales of building ceramics

Brand sanitary ware development is optimistic


In the first three quarters of 2014, the output of China's 1187 ceramic tile enterprises reached 8.16 billion square meters, up 7.5% year-on-year, of which: ceramic tiles were 5.73 billion square meters, accounting for 70.2%; ceramic tiles were 1.27 billion square meters, accounting for 17.1%. Shanxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi, and Jiangsu grew by more than 30%; Heilongjiang, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Hebei, and Guangdong grew by more than 15%.

Under the influence of national policies, the three traditional ceramic tile producing enterprises in Guangdong, Fujian and Shandong have steadily improved their market competitiveness at home and abroad, and their brand awareness has gradually strengthened. The three emerging production areas of Jiangxi, Liaoning and Sichuan face increasing production pressures such as cost, resources, energy, employment and environment. From the current perspective, the national economic situation, domestic and international market changes, the development of industry technology, and the production areas themselves The development direction, the infrastructure of the production area, and the capacity of the population and the environment have all changed greatly. The three new production areas need to adjust or re-engineer the industrial planning in a timely manner.

Since 2011, ceramic tiles have continued to maintain double-digit growth for eight consecutive years since 2004, and continue to maintain single-digit growth in 2014. These data show that the development of China's ceramic tile industry has entered a period of gradual development from a period of rapid development. The annual output of ceramic tiles in China has accounted for 2/3 of the world total, and the output is obviously larger than the consumption demand.

In the first three quarters of 2014, the output of 253 sanitary ceramics enterprises above designated size reached 146 million units, an increase of 8.7% year-on-year. Among them, Jiangxi, Anhui, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan and Henan grew by more than 30%; Guangdong's main sanitary ceramics production area increased by 18.3%; Sichuan, Shandong, Fujian, Jiangsu and Shanghai reduced production by more than 50%.

In the six years from 2009 to now, China's sanitary ceramics have grown at an annual rate of more than 6%, and the annual growth is relatively stable. The production management threshold, the skill threshold and the basic technology threshold of the sanitary ceramics production line are high, and the correlation between production and brand influence and quality word-of-mouth is very strong. The contribution of China's sanitary ceramics production increases mainly from the development of new production areas, with cost performance as the main competitive factor. This also reflects that the increase mainly occurs in the low-end market. The incremental ratio of China's mid-to-high-end market is much lower than that of national sanitary ceramics. Incremental ratio. Although the domestic high-end market has always been occupied by foreign brands, the sanitary ceramics enterprises that are committed to building their own brands in China will have a lot of room for development in the future.

According to the China Building Sanitary Ceramics Association, at present, there are still 13 sanitary ceramics manufacturing industries in Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Zhejiang, Hainan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia. Blank status. The commissioning of the Supor Group's sanitary ceramics factory has filled the gap in the absence of sanitary ceramics production in Liaoning Province in recent years.

Export: enhanced bargaining power of brand enterprises

Be wary of export trade arbitrage scam


As the world's largest exporter of architectural ceramics and sanitary ware products, China has shown a “three-increased” situation of increasing volume, increasing prices and increasing average unit price. China's export ceramic tiles account for more than half of the international market trade volume, sanitary ware products account for more than 40% of global trade, and the products are exported to Saudi Arabia, the United States, Nigeria, Thailand, Brazil, South Korea, the Philippines, the United Arab Emirates, Indonesia, South Africa and other countries. In more than 200 countries and regions, the quality and cost-effectiveness of Chinese products are favored by foreign consumers, and the export products mainly flow to countries or regions and their share is basically stable.

In the first three quarters of 2014, China exported 8.2 billion US dollars worth of building sanitary ceramics. Among them, the export of ceramic tiles was 830 million square meters, down 1.1% year-on-year. The export value was US$5.41 billion, a decrease of 2.7% over the same period of the previous year. In recent years, the annual export of China's ceramic tile products has increased at an average annual rate of over 15%, but the export value has increased at an annual rate of over 35%. The growth rate of ceramic tile export is much higher than the increase of export volume, and the export unit price of ceramic tile is increasing rapidly, indicating that China's building ceramics industry has accumulated competitiveness in the international market after long-term accumulation of technology, quality and innovation. The export bargaining power is increasing, and the ratio of high value-added in the structure of export products is increasing.

At present, China's exports of sanitary ceramics account for nearly 30% of the country's total output, and China's exports of sanitary ceramics account for 40% of global trade. Export sanitary ceramics mainly flow to the United States, South Korea, Nigeria, Canada, the United Kingdom, the Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Australia, Malaysia, Spain and other countries.

In 2014, China exported 55.39 million sanitary ceramics, an increase of 33.7%, and the export value was 2.28 billion US dollars, an increase of 141.8%. In the first 8 months, the total export value of sanitary products such as faucets (excluding sanitary ceramics) was US$7.96 billion. In terms of export volume, the increase of sanitary ceramics in recent years is relatively stable: first, it shows that the demand in foreign markets is basically stable; secondly, it shows that the long-term OEM of sanitary ceramics enterprises in China has not changed the situation of OEM production for foreign countries; The brand awareness and channel construction of sanitary ceramics companies in the international market are still lacking. Association experts also reminded relevant companies to be vigilant. In recent years, international hot money has used the export trade of ceramics and sanitary products to carry out arbitrage, resulting in a low price, which is not conducive to the normal development of the building sanitary ceramics industry.

Market: Cross-border development is unique

Channel sinking brand aggregation


Under the impact of the one-stop shopping wave favored by consumers, the horizontal expansion of traditional sanitary ware enterprises and cross-border investment have become an endless landscape. The hardware sanitary ware enterprise invests heavily in ceramic sanitary ware and bathroom home; the sanitary ware enterprise creates high-profile “whole kitchen and bathroom” space; more giants such as plumbing, kitchen and flooring enter the sanitary ware market, which promotes the complementary and integrated resources of the sanitary ware industry. The more sanitary companies continue to expand their product categories, thereby achieving the strategic goal of extending the industrial chain, expanding brand extension, and crossing the business.

The trend of “polarization” in the consumption of building sanitary ceramic products is becoming more and more obvious: part of it is to promote the high-end market of individualization, differentiation, customization and intelligence; part of it is the popular market with high cost performance. “Personalized” products mainly meet the needs of some end-customers who are pursuing individualization, as well as some high-end customers who are pursuing special decoration styles such as residences, hotels, clubs, etc. This part of the market requires designers to design a space with distinctive personality and unique creativity. Most ordinary consumers have a soft spot for "popular" products with stable quality, durability and reasonable price. The popular market requires products to be durable and easy to install and maintain, and cost-effective.

At present, the marketing mode of domestic building sanitary ceramic products mainly includes several methods such as regional agency system, branch company system, building materials supermarket and e-commerce, and special project agent for engineering project customers.

Under the promotion of a number of national policies and the further catalysis of “polarized” consumer demand, the marketing model of architectural ceramics and sanitary products has shown a new trend. The most notable features of 2014 are six: one is that the marketing channels are sinking, the third- and fourth-line markets are fully developed, the dealers are flattened, and the county and township distributors are flat and flat. The country's favorable policies for accelerating the construction of new rural areas and urbanization have further prospered the sales market of ceramic tiles and sanitary products in third- and fourth-tier cities. The second is the increase in the proportion of projects, and the proportion of hardcover houses is increasing. More than 50% of the newly built houses in Guangzhou and Shenzhen are finely decorated houses. Shenyang has already issued a policy of “not allowed to build rough houses in the second ring”. The third is the increase in brand concentration. Despite the variety of products, the “two-pole” consumers have a high degree of uniformity in brand and quality requirements, which has led to higher and higher brand concentration, encouraging brand companies to become bigger and stronger. . The fourth is multi-product, multi-brand, multi-storefront operation, dealers to better expand the market, and gradually expand their business brand, from a single product to multiple products, from a single brand to multiple brands, from a single store to multiple Store development. The fifth is the cross-regional chain business model. For example, Huanian Group is the earliest enterprise in China to realize the chain operation of ceramic building materials. Huanelijia Building Materials Chain under Huaneng Group has become the largest ceramic tile retailer in China. It has established more than 800 self-operated stores in Northeast China, North China, Southwest China and South China, as well as numerous franchisees and distributors. The sixth is the combination of mixed marketing system. The building sanitary ceramics enterprise is a wider regional market, adapts to the needs of engineering projects, integrates the regional agency system into some regions, establishes a branch office system, strengthens construction around brands, channels and terminal markets. Distribution, branch system, special customer project agent, building materials supermarket, e-commerce in one, in order to maximize the benefits.

According to the association, in the first three quarters of this year, the total profit of building sanitary ceramics and plumbing and sanitary ware enterprises above designated size was 27.65 billion yuan, up 13.9% year-on-year, of which construction ceramics enterprises were 19.05 billion yuan, up 12.8%; sanitary ceramics were 2.82 billion yuan, up 21.7. %; the total profit of plumbing and sanitary ware enterprises was 5.78 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 0.35%. The average profit rate of building sanitary ceramics enterprises is 6.31%. Among them, 6.25% for building ceramics and 7.01% for sanitary ceramics. The average profit margin of hardware sanitary ware enterprises is 4.94%. In the first three quarters, the building sanitary ceramics enterprises completed an investment of 67.6 billion yuan. Among them, building ceramics enterprises 59.6 billion yuan, an increase of 19%; sanitary ceramics enterprises 7.8 billion yuan, down 12.6%.

The future: innovation to break the energy and environmental protection

Scientific planning industry development pattern


In recent years, the sales of building sanitary ceramic products in China are facing all-round competition in terms of color, variety, quality, price, brand and service. Building sanitary ceramics enterprises have established large-scale exhibition halls, multi-brand strategies, established strategic alliances, and overall home sanitary wares. Cultural marketing, designer marketing and e-commerce have established a stable and extensive market at home and abroad. However, excellent technology, excellent quality, considerate service, reasonable price and loud brand are the marketing The foundation is a strong support for the healthy development of the industry.

Practice the industry strategy of “Beyond Leading, Innovative Development”. In the future, China's building sanitary ceramics enterprises will lead by policy innovation, standard innovation, technological innovation, “three new”, crack energy and environmental protection pressure, respond to real estate and other policy adjustments, and scientifically conduct market. Layout, industrial planning. Yan Bin explained to reporters the future development goals of the industry.

Product Innovation. Driven by the concept of energy saving and emission reduction and thinning of ceramic tiles, the trend of thinning ceramic tiles has become a trend. In the past two years, at the domestic and international exhibitions, large-scale thin plates are one of the biggest highlights, especially large-size porcelain thin plates have appeared, and there are new breakthroughs in the manufacturing technology of thin ceramic plates, all kinds of decorative exquisite and elegant, specifications and sizes getting bigger.

Standing on a new perspective to develop new technologies, scientific and technical personnel in the building sanitary ceramics industry will boldly introduce CT scanning technology, high-speed camera technology, multi-dimensional fluid simulation modeling technology, etc., to bring infinite innovation space for the industry to carry out energy-saving emission reduction technology research. Sanitary enterprises are also “powering” in energy conservation, environmental protection and intelligence. Energy conservation, environmental protection and health and intelligence dominate the development trend of sanitary ceramic products. Structural design, water-saving improvement technology, furniture-type combination application, healthy glaze technology, and intelligent application have become new directions for sanitary ceramics innovation. Excellent enterprises have achieved the effect of application from laboratory to market through the application of water-saving technology in water system design, scouring technology innovation, drainage and pipeline optimization. Intelligent sanitary ceramics, sanitary products, and integrated kitchen and bathroom products combined with ergonomics, information technology, living automation, and healthcare research will become the mainstream of future sanitary ceramics innovation.

Equipment innovation. Since the beginning of this century, the single-line output of the building ceramics industry has become larger and larger, and its key equipment ball mills have been continuously developed to large tonnage. The technologies such as innovative transmissions and energy-saving starters have matured. Since 2009, 100-ton energy-saving ball mills have been recognized in the industry. , began industrial application. However, due to too many raw material classifications and insufficient standardization, domestic manufacturers are less recognized. As soon as possible, research and manufacture of continuous ball mills suitable for China's ceramic raw material formulation process and ceramic production technology has become an important issue to be solved urgently in the industry.

Compared with the wet ball milling spray drying process, dry milling can directly save more than 70% of water and comprehensive energy saving of more than 60%. At present, although the research and development enterprises in China have adopted different technical routes, they have entered the industrial test stage, and the application technology will be improved and used as soon as possible.

In recent years, due to environmental protection considerations, governments in various producing areas have vigorously advocated “coal to gas” in order to improve the air pollution status by using natural gas instead of traditional furnace gas. However, the overall resources of natural gas in China are lacking. Although most of them are equipped with natural gas pipelines, the gas supply capacity is insufficient. In the future, the strategic thinking of using resource-rich coal as the main energy source can be determined, and the corresponding research on clean gas preparation technology has become the most critical issue in the industry.

Intelligent technology is also used in the innovation and development of building sanitary ceramic equipment. Robot glazing is a new process introduced from abroad in the 1990s. The advantage is that the robot replaces the artificial, the glazed surface is even and the product quality is high, which greatly reduces the labor intensity of the worker. However, due to the insufficient stability of domestically manufactured robots, it is necessary to further improve the quality in order to achieve wide application in the industry. At present, there are still some immature places in the industry to study the pure mechanical glazing line, robot circulation glazing line and other improved glazing process, I believe that there will be further breakthroughs in the near future.

Once upon a time, Foshan was synonymous with building sanitary ceramics in China. In order to alleviate the pressure of environmental energy and production capacity, since 2006, Foshan ceramics has been transformed into large-scale production in different places, and ceramic industrial parks have gradually emerged throughout the country.

In the "post-foshan ceramic age", how should China's building sanitary ceramics industry plan a new map?

Building ceramics - the formation of two echelons, the regional characteristics are obvious. After the transfer of Foshan ceramic industry, although Guangdong's leading position has not changed, but the large-scale transfer of enterprises, the realization of energy conservation and emission reduction environmental protection as a substantial improvement. The pattern of the national ceramics industry has gradually formed, and the characteristics of market regionalization have become more and more obvious. At present, the first echelon of ceramic tile production areas in China, Guangdong, Fujian, Shandong, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Sichuan, accounting for 78.25% of the country's total output; the second echelon of Hubei, Henan, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Hebei, Hunan, Chongqing, Zhejiang, accounting for the country The output is 18.97%. In the future, the emerging building ceramics production area will gradually improve the new pattern and system in the competition of raw material advantages, energy advantages and related regional advantages. The sustainable development of China's building ceramics industry will also enter a new stage.

Sanitary ceramics - piloting the three major producing areas, strengthening brand building. Sanitary ceramics are currently dominated by Henan, Guangdong and Hebei, accounting for more than 70% of the country's total output. Leading companies in traditional hardware and sanitary wares in Fujian and other producing areas have entered the field of sanitary ceramics production in recent years. Health ceramics enterprises rely on brand strength as the main competitiveness and production technology to support the growth of China's sanitary ceramics. However, the incremental ratio of China's mid- to high-end market is much lower than the national health ceramics incremental ratio, which means strengthening brand building and enhancing innovation capability is still the main task of the future sanitary ceramics industry planning.

Strengthening the formulation, revision, promotion and implementation of relevant industry standards and further enhancing the industry's right to speak in domestic and foreign markets will be an important task for industry enterprises in the future. China Building Sanitary Ceramics Association issued technical guidance documents on pollutant discharge of building sanitary ceramics production enterprises. During the revision of the national "Ceramic Industry Pollutant Emission Standards", we will do a good job in guiding energy conservation and emission reduction of industrial enterprises and solve environmental protection standards for building sanitary ceramics industry. The lack of facts can be a problem. There are indications that when the national environmental protection standards are revised or revised, the adjustment conversion factor will be determined according to the actual situation of the industry. On this basis, the control limits for sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides may be raised. At the same time, the state will also follow up the implementation of the "Building Sanitary Ceramics Industry Access Standards". Industry companies actively participated in the drafting and formulation of “Green Building Materials – Ceramic Tile Evaluation Requirements” and “Green Building Materials – Sanitary Ceramics Evaluation Requirements”; continued to promote the thinning of ceramic tiles and lightweight ceramics, and “ceramic tiles” and “sanitary” The national standard of "ceramic" and "ceramic sealing faucets".

Yan Bin revealed that the four enterprise safety production standards of "Building Ceramics", "Sanitary Ceramics", "Hardware and Sanitary Ware", and "Plastic Sanitary Ware" will be considered soon; in the future, "ceramic brick dry milling" and "continuous ball milling production will be actively promoted. ", "Hot ceramic high-pressure molding" development, and the application of "wide-section energy-saving ceramic kiln" to speed up the adjustment of product structure and promote the pace of industrial upgrading. He predicted that in 2015, the output of China's building ceramics and sanitary wares will increase by about 5%; the sales of the whole industry will increase by more than 10%, and the export volume will increase by about 10%.

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