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Six explosion scene escape strategies
1. How to escape from a gas explosion at home or in a hotel?
Hazard index: ★★★
First of all, the most important thing is to strengthen the safety awareness of gas use and prevent it from happening. If you use gas or natural gas, don't forget to close the valve. Do not use liquefied gas tanks that are too worn.
When smelling a strong gas smell, first look for the source of the taste, open the doors and windows, and dilute the toxic gases. At this time, pay attention to not easily turn on the lights, do not open the fire, and promptly report the alarm. Pay attention to the alarm process, try to stay away from the smelly place and call the police again, because the phone or the phone may also spark to cause an explosion.
Secondly, when a gas explosion occurs, it can be handled according to the situation. If the gas tank leaks out of the gas tank or natural gas pipeline, the valve should be closed immediately and fire-fighting measures should be taken. If the tank explodes or the natural gas pipeline explodes, this situation is very dangerous and should leave the scene immediately. If there is an explosion in the neighbor's house, the neighbors downstairs can run downstairs. If it is a resident upstairs, try not to pass the door of the accident home and look for other passages. If not, depending on the situation, First move to the top, waiting for rescue.
After the accident, you should not be curious about the onlookers. First, it may hinder firefighters, medical personnel and police officers from handling the scene of the accident. Secondly, after the accident, the building or other objects may be deformed or loosened. Many uncertain factors are dangerous and easy to cause damage.
2. How to escape after the bus spontaneous combustion explosion?
Hazard index: ★★★
Public security department professionals said that if there is a terrorist on the bus, his facial expression will always be flustered or sneaky, and everyone should pay attention to such people. If a bomb is found, in addition to timely warning, everyone will go to 100-150 meters outside the first time to avoid danger, which can effectively escape the lethality of the bomb.
There are always some precursors to the bus before it ignites. For example, there are smells such as burnt smell and paste smell. At this time, the passengers must remind the driver to stop the inspection. If there is a fire, it should be calmly disposed and the fire extinguisher should be extinguished in time.
Once a violent flame rises, it is necessary to escape for the first time, but the passengers must remain calm and do not mess up the order. If the door and window can not be opened, you must use the life hammer or blunt device to break the door and window, or simply hit the high-heeled shoes worn by women, or use the ankles to break the doors and windows to escape the purpose, and even the sunroof of the roof. Lift up and climb from here to the roof to escape. If you find that your body is on fire, it is best to take off your clothes and cover your head and run again. This will reduce the intrusion of carbon monoxide and effectively eliminate the fire hazards on your body.
3. How to escape after the plane fires and explodes?
Hazard index: ★★★★
In the 6 minutes after the plane took off and within 7 minutes of landing, it was most prone to explosions, loss of control, and accidents such as running out of the runway. Aviation analysts point out that sometimes passengers think they have no hope of surviving, so they sit still. But in fact, if they know what to do, the chances of surviving in the plane take-off and landing accidents are quite high, and within a minute and a half after the plane crash is the "golden" time to escape.
First of all, quickly turn to the place where the air vibrates, face down, the head should be as low as possible, cover the nose and mouth with a wet towel, cover the body with clothes and other things, so as to minimize the exposed part of the body. At the moment of the explosion, try to hold your breath as much as possible to prevent inhalation of a large amount of high temperature harmful gases. At the same time, you should quickly remove the self-rescuer and wear it according to the operation method.
Secondly, identify the direction and enter the fresh airflow along the disaster avoidance route as soon as possible to leave the disaster area. In the process of evacuation, it is best to be led by experienced and experienced staff. If the roadway is seriously damaged and you don't know if the evacuation route is safe, you should try to find a refuge room or build a temporary diverticulum or go to a safe place to temporarily avoid it and wait patiently for rescue. Avoid the place where the roof is strong, there is no harmful gas, there is water or a place close to the water, and you should always pay attention to the changes in the vicinity. If you find that there is danger, you should change the place.
Finally, in the case of disaster avoidance, everyone must consciously abide by discipline, obey the command, take the initiative to take care of the injured, and strictly control the use of miner's lamp. It is necessary to strike the railway or iron pipe from time to time, send out a distress signal, and send experienced workers to go out for reconnaissance. After the expedition confirmed the safety, the organization gradually stepped out to the wellhead and marked the signs along the way so that the ambulance personnel could follow the search.
4. How does the gas explosion occur?
Hazard index: ★★★★
When a gas explosion accident occurs underground, there will be a strong explosion sound and continuous air vibration, which will generate strong high-temperature air waves and generate a large amount of harmful gases. At this time, the underground personnel must be calm, do not run around and scream, and actively take measures to save themselves.
Quickly turn back to the place where the air vibrates, face down, face as low as possible, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel, cover the body with clothes and other things, so as to minimize the exposed part of the body. At the moment of the explosion, try to hold your breath as much as possible to prevent inhalation of a large amount of high temperature harmful gases. At the same time, you should quickly remove the self-rescuer and wear it according to the operation method.
Identify the direction and enter the fresh airflow along the disaster avoidance route as soon as possible to leave the disaster area. In the process of evacuation, it is best to be led by experienced and experienced staff. If the roadway is seriously damaged and you don't know if the evacuation route is safe, you should try to find a refuge room or build a temporary diverticulum or go to a safe place to temporarily avoid it and wait patiently for rescue. Avoid the place where the roof is strong, there is no harmful gas, there is water or a place close to the water, and you should always pay attention to the changes in the vicinity. If you find that there is danger, you should change the place.
When avoiding disasters, everyone must consciously abide by discipline, obey the command, take the initiative to take care of the injured, and strictly control the use of miner's lamp. It is necessary to strike the railway or iron pipe from time to time, send out a distress signal, and send experienced workers to go out for reconnaissance. After the expedition confirmed the safety, the organization gradually stepped out to the wellhead and marked the signs along the way so that the ambulance personnel could follow the search.
5. How to save yourself in a public place?
Hazard index: ★★★★★
hidden. When an explosion occurs, it should be hidden or lying down to protect important parts.
Extinguishing. If you are looking for a fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire, use a mask, handkerchief or clothes corner to carry your mouth and nose when you are in a fire. If the smell of smoke is too high in a confined space, use a mineral water, drink, etc. to moisten the cloth to prevent it. Asphyxiation caused by smoke and poisonous gas.
Evacuation. If a large number of people are flustered and evacuated, the elderly, women, and children should try to “slip on the side†to prevent them from being injured after being squeezed. When the crowd is crowded, use one hand to hold the other hand and the elbows open and lay flat. On the chest, bend forward slightly to form a certain space, to ensure a smooth breathing, so as not to faint stun. If it is squeezed, try to keep the body close to the wall root or other support, and then shrink the body into a ball. Protect the vital parts or organs of the body behind the neck.
rescue. Personnel with the ability should assist the police and medical personnel to rescue the wounded, take materials on the spot, stop bleeding, dressing, and fix. When transporting the wounded, care should be taken to keep the patients with spinal injuries in a horizontal position to prevent displacement and paraplegia.
assist. When the police conduct a search on the scene to find out whether there are any unexploded ordnance, they should pay attention to assist the police to maintain the scene and provide the police with clues such as suspicious persons and articles.
6. How do you escape from nuclear explosion radiation?
Hazard index: ★★★★★
How to escape after the nuclear explosion? It is a problem that people in our nuclear age have to deal with. If you are close to the blast, there is basically no possibility of survival, so the following discussion is based on the blast is far enough. Since you are far enough away from the blast, you still have time to react after seeing the nuclear flash. The most direct cause of the initial nuclear explosion is the light radiation and shock waves. Therefore, when you see the flash moment, you should quickly find the cover terrain and back to the heart, and cover the body (especially the bare skin) with light objects to reduce the harm of light radiation. The problem of bunkers naturally does not need me to say it, everyone knows. Be careful that the eardrum is very likely to be shattered by shock waves, so be sure to protect yourself (plug your ears, open your mouth to balance stress) and prepare yourself.
After the nuclear explosion shock wave, it is necessary to move away from the contaminated area before the spread of radioactive materials (the possibility of throwing several nuclear bombs in the same area is not high), and should go to the windward area (upwind). If there is no wind, you should also choose the direction according to the common wind direction of the current season. Do not take medical care until the time when it is judged that there is no danger of contamination, and prepare supplies (not to be left for a long time). How to judge temporary safety? Some animals and plants are quite sensitive to nuclear radiation, such as insects. If it is a small equivalent of nuclear bombs, you can see live insects when you reach a certain distance, which means that it is safe for the time being. Also pay attention to the problem of drinking water on the way. If the nuclear explosion area is upstream, then don't drink water. According to the above method, if you are lucky, you will only suffer from small doses of radiation and some trauma caused by shock waves. You can still live well.
(Integrated People's Network, Phoenix Network, Huashang.com, Jinjiang.com, Global Hospital Network)
[Editor: Chen Guofang]
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There are five general body styles of ball Valves: single body, three-piece body, split body, top entry, and welded. The difference is based on how the pieces of the valve-especially the casing that contains the ball itself-are manufactured and assembled. The valve operation is the same in each case.
In addition, there are different styles related to the bore of the ball mechanism itself.
Ball valves in sizes up to 2 inch generally come in single piece, two or three piece designs. One piece ball valves are almost always reduced bore, are relatively inexpensive and generally are throw-away. Two piece ball valves are generally slightly reduced (or standard) bore, they can be either throw-away or repairable. The 3 piece design allows for the center part of the valve containing the ball, stem & seats to be easily removed from the pipeline. This facilitates efficient cleaning of deposited sediments, replacement of seats and gland packings, polishing out of small scratches on the ball, all this without removing the pipes from the valve body. The design concept of a three piece valve is for it to be repairable.
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