In the cold season, to ensure that vegetables sell at a good price in the morning market, farmers have increasingly adopted the use of mulch films to raise soil temperature and maintain warmth, which helps accelerate vegetable maturation. Additionally, the application of herbicides and pesticides not only saves labor but also improves efficiency. However, years of experience with chemical weeding under plastic film have shown that improper herbicide selection or incorrect application methods can lead to several problems: first, weeds may not be effectively controlled; second, the crops might suffer from phytotoxicity; third, environmental pollution could occur, ultimately reducing the market value of the vegetables.
To maximize the effectiveness of herbicides, the following options are recommended for different types of vegetables:
For solanaceous vegetables such as tomatoes, eggplants, and peppers, suitable herbicides include 72% Duers EC (100–150 ml per mu) or 48% Daimin EC (150–300 ml per mu), mixed with 30 kg of water and applied after sowing and covering the mulch. Alternatively, 33% Weeding EC (150–300 ml per mu), 24% Gerol EC (50–100 ml per mu), or 50% Sikhot WP (5,000 g per acre) can be used, with 40–50 kg of water, sprayed before seeding and then covered with the film.
For leguminous vegetables like peas, edamame, and cowpeas, options include 48% Trifluralin EC (100–150 ml per mu) with 40–50 kg of water. Another option is 50% Oxalofenone WP (23–45 g active ingredient per mu) mixed with 40–50 kg of water, applied to the soil before planting and then covering the film. Other choices include 33% Weeding EC (150–200 ml per mu), 50% Acetochlor EC (150 ml per mu), or 50% Cimajin WP (33–100 g active ingredient per mu), all with 40–50 kg of water, applied before seeding and then covering the film.
For cruciferous vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, red cabbage, cauliflower, and broccoli, recommended herbicides include 33% Weeding EC (100–150 ml per mu), 48% Cable EC (150–200 ml per mu), 50% Dahuili WP (100–200 g per mu), each mixed with 40–50 kg of water and applied on the soil surface before covering the film.
When applying herbicides under mulch film, there are several important points to note: First, the amount of water per mu should not be too low. Sufficient moisture is essential for the herbicide to be absorbed and effective. Second, avoid repeated spraying or increasing the concentration, as this may cause crop damage. Third, herbicides like Trifluralin and Oxazinone have high volatility, so it's important to mix them into the top 2–3 cm of soil after application. Finally, the film must be tightly sealed to prevent leaks or exposure of the herbicide. It’s crucial to cover the film promptly after application.
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