Fly ash Portland cement, also known as fly ash cement and abbreviated as P·F, is a type of hydraulic cementitious material composed of Portland cement clinker, 20-40% fly ash, and an appropriate amount of gypsum. This combination offers unique properties that make it suitable for various construction applications.
According to the Chinese standard, the proportion of fly ash in the cement must be between 20% and 40% by weight. It is also permitted to include granulated blast furnace slag, but its quantity should not exceed one-third of the total amount of blended materials. In such cases, the overall blend can reach up to 50%, while the fly ash content remains within the required range of 20% to 40%. Fly ash cement is available in five strength grades: 275, 325, 425, 525, and 625.
Compared to ordinary Portland cement, fly ash cement has lower early strength but shows better late strength development. It also exhibits reduced hydration heat, lower water demand, and less shrinkage. Additionally, it offers improved workability, resistance to cracking, and enhanced sulfate resistance. These characteristics make it ideal for large-scale hydraulic projects, as well as for general industrial and civil construction.
The use of fly ash cement has been widely adopted since the 1960s, with countries such as France, Japan, the Soviet Union, China, the United States, and Germany all producing it successfully. The production volume has continued to grow over time. In China, research on using fly ash as a cement additive began in the early 1950s, and by 1977, a formal standard for fly ash Portland cement was established.
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