Kiwifruit is often called the "king of fruits" due to its high vitamin C content, which ranks among the best in the fruit world. As winter approaches, kiwifruit becomes a common sight in markets and stores. However, many people are unaware that these fruits face numerous pests and diseases during their growth cycle. This small series, titled **"Pesticide Network,"** aims to help everyone better understand and manage kiwifruit pest and disease control.
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**Reasons for Preventing and Controlling Kiwifruit Pests and Diseases in Winter**
During the winter months, pathogens enter a dormant state, hiding in diseased branches, fallen leaves, and rotten fruits. This is an ideal time for gardeners to take action. By combining winter pruning with thorough cleaning, you can remove infected branches, insect-infested branches, fallen leaves, and fruits, then bury or burn them deeply. This practice helps eliminate pathogens such as bacterial canker, leaf spot, and black spot, significantly reducing the risk of infection in the next growing season.
**Common Winter Pests and Diseases**
In winter, the main pests and diseases affecting kiwifruit include root rot, root-knot nematodes, scale insects, leafhoppers, and cockroaches. Each of these requires specific preventive measures:
- For **kiwifruit ulcer disease**, gardens with severe infections should be pruned during winter. Apply a 0.3–0.5°Bé sulfur solution 1–2 times, and mix it with a 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture for effective control.
- To prevent **root rot**, combine deep soil cultivation with chemical treatments to eliminate underground pests like larvae and mites. A recommended option is using 3% carbofuran at 3–5 kg per acre, which helps control nematodes and reduces the overwintering population of pests.
- **Scale insects** typically overwinter on tree trunks and branches. Use rags, straw, or bamboo brushes to wipe off the dense infestations. Prune and remove any insect-infested branches during winter pruning.
- **Leaf mites and other mites** hide in weeds and dead leaves during winter. Clearing the garden and removing weeds, then burning them, helps eliminate overwintering adults and eggs.
- For **root-knot nematodes**, dig up the topsoil (5–15 cm) around affected plants, remove diseased roots, and dispose of them properly. This reduces the disease source and limits future damage.
**Winter Pest and Disease Management Tips**
It's essential to stay proactive during winter. Regular monitoring and early intervention are key to preventing major outbreaks. Always follow the instructions when applying pesticides to avoid phytotoxicity. The **China Pesticide Network** reminds all growers to use chemicals wisely and responsibly.
By taking these steps, you can protect your kiwifruit plants and ensure a healthier harvest in the coming spring. Stay informed, stay prepared, and keep your orchard thriving.
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