The national “13th Five-Year Plan†has increased the layout and planning of new energy vehicles, especially pure electric vehicles. The key to the healthy development of new energy vehicles is the power battery. The solid-state battery is the new energy vehicle power battery to effectively increase the energy density while ensuring Safety must be the way to go, and the new solid electrolyte system with excellent overall performance is the key to the development of solid-state batteries. The problem of large contact resistance at the solid-solid interface has been one of the bottleneck problems that have plagued and hindered the development of solid-state batteries. How to reduce the solid interface contact resistance has become a hot topic and a difficult point for the scientific community and industry.
Based on the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Qingdao Institute of Energy Storage Industry Technology has been dedicated to the development of key materials for high-performance solid-state batteries and the solid-solid interface restoration of solid-state batteries. The research team of the hospital creatively proposed the design concept of “Rigid and Flexible†polymer electrolyte, and innovatively constructed a composite electrolyte material system to prepare a series of solid polymer electrolyte systems with excellent overall performance (Energy Storage Materials, 2016 , 5, 139-; Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2016, 4, 10070), which effectively solves the problem that polymer electrolytes cannot give consideration to all properties, and developed a new solid electrolyte key material system.
Concerning the bottleneck problem of excessive solid-solid interface resistance in the development of solid-state batteries, the research team members of the Institute of Energy Storage began by improving solid-solid interface contact problems and carefully analyzed many unfavorable factors affecting battery interface performance (Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2015, 3 , 4092; Chemistry of Materials, 2016, 28, 3578), summarizing scientific issues and laws, and drawing on the idea of ​​the battery solid state electrolyte interface (SEI) to creatively propose a solution for “in-situ self-forming solid electrolytes†and adopt in-situ polymerization Form a solid polymer electrolyte technology route to build an integrated solid-state battery that effectively reduces interface impedance and improves battery performance. This method can be used to repair the solid-state interface of solid-state batteries and optimize the interface performance. Based on this design concept, the research team of the Qingdao Institute of Energy Storage and Energy Research has developed a high molecular weight PVC (polyvinylene carbonate) solid polymer electrolyte by in-situ free radical polymerization of small molecular weight VC (vinylene carbonate). It was found through characterization that this method can be used in 4.35V lithium cobalt oxide battery to greatly reduce the interface impedance and effectively broaden the electrochemical window, greatly improving the cycle stability and rate performance of solid-state batteries (Advanced Sciences, 2016, DOI: 10.1002/advs .201600377). In addition, in-situ polymerization initiation of initiators by heating forms polytriethylene glycol divinyl ether solid polymer electrolytes, and an integrated ion battery is constructed, and the close contact between the polymer electrolyte/electrode interface is successfully achieved, and the interface resistance is reduced. The cycle stability of the battery is greatly improved (Small, 2016, DOI: 10.1002/smll.201601530). The solution of “in-situ self-forming solid electrolyte†not only can effectively reduce the solid-solid contact resistance, but also can simplify the manufacturing steps of the solid-state battery, is compatible with the existing liquid lithium-ion battery production equipment and process, and has a wide industrialization promotion. prospect.
In view of the rapid development of the electric vehicle market and the macro layout of the country's "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", it is imperative to develop a new type of ultra-high energy density lithium secondary battery. The R&D team focused on lithium-air batteries and explored the construction of a “sandwich†lithium-free polymer electrolyte designed to improve the overall performance of lithium-air batteries (Advanced Science, 2015, 2, 1500092; Advanced Energy Materials, 2016, 6, 1600751).
In the device preparation of solid-state single-cell batteries, Qingdao Energy Storage Institute adopts the concept of polymer electrolytes of "flexibility and softness" and "in-situ self-forming mechanism", and has developed 6Ah high-capacity three-element solid-state lithium batteries. The energy density exceeds 250Wh/kg, and the cycle life exceeds 500 cycles. Through five times of nailing experiments, the solid-state battery did not catch fire and explode. The safety performance was excellent, and the voltage was recovered after the nail was removed. This once again demonstrated the solid electrolyte. Good self-healing performance and safety performance. In addition, the solid-state lithium battery has high mechanical strength and has passed a 11,000-meter deep-sea pressure chamber experiment. Now it is preparing for deep-sea experiments. Related technologies have applied for 29 Chinese invention patents and 3 international PCT patents.
The project was strongly supported by the nano-pilot special pilot long battery life battery project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Shandong Province Forward-looking Technology Fund, the Qingdao Energy Storage Fund, and the “135†project of the Qingdao Energy Institute.
NCM(622)/SPE/Li Solid State Lithium Battery Safety Test - Multiple Needle Voltage/Temperature Change Curve (5 Acupunctures)
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